Which nerve roots are affected in Klumpke's palsy?

Klumpke's palsy is a form of brachial plexus injury that primarily affects the lower roots of the plexus. Specifically, it involves the eighth cervical (C8) and first thoracic (T1) nerve roots. This condition typically occurs due to traction or injury during childbirth, where excessive pulling on the arm can stretch or damage these nerve roots.

The impact of the C8 and T1 roots results in weakness or paralysis of the hand and intrinsic muscles, often leading to a characteristic hand posture referred to as "claw hand." This occurs because the affected roots are responsible for the motor function of the muscles that control hand movements, along with sensory functions to certain areas of the hand.

Understanding the specific nerve roots involved in Klumpke's palsy is essential for diagnosing and managing the condition appropriately. The focus on the C8 and T1 roots distinguishes Klumpke’s from other brachial plexus conditions, where different combinations of nerve roots may be involved, leading to varying clinical presentations and rehabilitation approaches.