What condition does the Thomas test primarily assess?

The Thomas test is specifically designed to assess hip flexor tightness. When performing this test, the patient lies supine on an examination table and brings one knee to their chest while allowing the other leg to fall toward the table. If the leg that is remaining on the table cannot lie flat, this indicates tightness in the hip flexors, particularly the iliopsoas muscles.

The test is vital for identifying issues such as hip flexor contractures or tightness that can lead to altered gait mechanics, anterior pelvic tilt, and potential lower back pain. Additionally, the results can guide treatment strategies for improving flexibility and function in patients with musculoskeletal complaints stemming from hip flexor issues.

This targeted assessment makes it clear that the focus of the Thomas test is on the hip flexors, distinguishing it from other assessments that might evaluate different muscle groups or conditions.